Unit 4: Remembering the Past

Past events: memory, remember, recall, forget, remind, nostalgia, childhood, youth, generation, ancestor, heritage, tradition

Historical: history, historical, ancient, old, past, former, previous, war, peace, independence, revolution

Feelings: miss, regret, wish, hope, dream, proud, grateful, sad, happy, excited

Time expressions: in the past, long ago, years ago, at that time, in those days, back then, once upon a time

Practice using vocabulary in context about memories, historical events, and past experiences.

A. Past Continuous (Quá khứ tiếp diễn)

1. Cấu trúc:

• Khẳng định: S + was/were + V-ing
• Ex: I was studying at 8 p.m. yesterday.
• Phủ định: S + was/were + not + V-ing
• Ex: She wasn't watching TV.
• Nghi vấn: Was/Were + S + V-ing?
• Ex: Were you sleeping at that time?

2. Cách dùng:

• Hành động đang xảy ra tại thời điểm cụ thể trong quá khứ
• Ex: At 9 p.m. last night, I was doing homework.
• Hai hành động đang xảy ra song song
• Ex: While I was cooking, she was cleaning.
• Hành động đang xảy ra thì bị hành động khác xen vào
• Ex: I was watching TV when he called.
• Ex: When I arrived, they were having dinner.

3. Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

• at + giờ + thời gian quá khứ (at 8 p.m. yesterday)
• at this time last + thời gian (at this time last week)
• when, while, as

B. Wish + Past Simple (Ước trong hiện tại)

1. Cấu trúc:

• S + wish(es) + S + V (past simple)
• S + wish(es) + S + were/was (not) + ...

2. Cách dùng:

• Ước điều không có thật ở hiện tại
• Ex: I wish I had a car. (Thực tế: I don't have a car.)
• Ex: She wishes she were taller. (Thực tế: She isn't tall.)
• Ex: I wish I could fly. (Thực tế: I can't fly.)

3. Lưu ý:

• Với động từ 'be': dùng were cho tất cả các ngôi (chuẩn)
• Ex: I wish I were rich. (không phải 'was')
• Với động từ khuyết thiếu: can → could; will → would
• Ex: I wish I could speak English well.

Getting Started, A Closer Look 1-2, Communication, Skills 1-2, Looking Back, Project