Unit 9: Natural Disasters

Natural disasters: earthquake, tsunami, flood, drought, storm, typhoon, hurricane, tornado, volcanic eruption, landslide, avalanche, wildfire

Actions: evacuate, rescue, damage, destroy, collapse, warn, predict, prepare, survive, recover

Effects: victim, casualty, injury, death, homeless, damage, destruction, loss

Disaster-related expressions:

• natural disaster: thiên tai
• emergency kit: bộ dụng cụ khẩn cấp
• warning system: hệ thống cảnh báo
• rescue team: đội cứu hộ
• take shelter: trú ẩn

Stress in words ending in -logy and -graphy

Nhấn trước -logy/-graphy:

• tech'nology /tekˈnɒlədʒi/
• ge'ography /dʒiˈɒɡrəfi/

Past Continuous Tense (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn)

A. Cấu trúc:

• Khẳng định: S + was/were + V-ing
• Ex: I was sleeping when the earthquake happened.
• Phủ định: S + wasn't/weren't + V-ing
• Ex: She wasn't watching TV.
• Nghi vấn: Was/Were + S + V-ing?
• Ex: Were you studying?

B. Cách dùng:

• 1. Hành động đang xảy ra tại 1 thời điểm quá khứ:
• Ex: At 8 p.m. yesterday, I was watching TV.
• 2. Hành động đang xảy ra thì có hành động khác xen vào:
• Ex: I was sleeping when the phone rang.
• (Past continuous + when + past simple)
• 3. Hai hành động đang xảy ra song song:
• Ex: While I was studying, she was cooking.
• (While + past continuous, past continuous)

C. Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

• at + thời gian + yesterday/last...
• at this time yesterday
• when, while

D. Past Continuous vs Past Simple:

• Past Continuous: hành động đang xảy ra (dài)
• Past Simple: hành động xen vào (ngắn)
• Ex: I was walking (dài) when it started to rain (ngắn).

Getting Started, A Closer Look 1-2, Communication, Skills 1-2, Looking Back, Project