Review 4 (Units 10 - 11 - 12)

Unit 10: Energy Sources

Key vocabulary:

• Energy types: solar, wind, coal, oil, gas, hydro, biogas, nuclear
• Adjectives: renewable, non-renewable, clean, dirty, eco-friendly
• Verbs: save, waste, produce, use, run out, replace, pollute

Unit 11: Travelling in the Future

Key vocabulary:

• Transport: flying car, driverless car, jet pack, spaceship, teleporter, high-speed train
• Features: eco-friendly, fast, comfortable, convenient, safe, modern
• Actions: fly, hover, teleport, travel

Unit 12: English-speaking Countries

Key vocabulary:

• Countries: UK, USA, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Ireland
• Places: capital, landmark, symbol, landscape
• Adjectives: famous, unique, diverse, iconic, official

Unit 10: Present Continuous for Future

Cấu trúc:

• S + am/is/are + V-ing + time expression
• Dùng cho kế hoạch đã sắp xếp
• Ex: I am meeting him tomorrow.

Unit 11: Simple Future & Possessive Pronouns

1. Simple Future:

• S + will + V (bare infinitive)
• S + won't + V
• Will + S + V...?

2. Possessive Pronouns:

• mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs
• Thay thế possessive adjective + noun

Unit 12: Articles (a, an, the)

1. A/An:

• a + phụ âm: a book
• an + nguyên âm: an apple

2. The:

• Vật duy nhất: the sun
• Đã nhắc đến: the cat
• Tên có: kingdom, states, republic

3. Không dùng mạo từ:

• Tên quốc gia thông thường: Vietnam
• Bữa ăn: breakfast
• Môn thể thao: football

The Future of Energy

Energy is essential for our daily lives. We use energy for cooking, heating, lighting, and transportation. However, the way we produce and use energy is changing.

Currently, most of the world's energy comes from non-renewable sources like coal, oil, and natural gas. These sources will run out in the future. Moreover, they pollute the environment and cause climate change. Coal power plants produce a lot of carbon dioxide. This gas makes the Earth warmer.

Scientists are working on renewable energy sources. Solar energy comes from the sun. It's clean and will never run out. Many countries are installing solar panels on houses and buildings. Wind energy is another clean source. Wind turbines can produce electricity without pollution. Hydro energy uses water to generate power. It's renewable and eco-friendly.

What are people doing to save energy? Many families are replacing old light bulbs with LED bulbs. They use less electricity. Some people are installing solar panels on their roofs. Others are using public transport instead of cars. These actions help reduce energy consumption.

Next month, our school is organizing an energy-saving campaign. We are putting up posters about saving energy. Students are learning how to reduce waste. Teachers are showing us how to turn off lights and computers when we don't use them.

In the future, renewable energy will replace fossil fuels. Cars will run on electricity or hydrogen. Houses will have solar panels. We will use energy more efficiently. Although changing to renewable energy is expensive now, it will save money and protect the environment in the long term.

Exploring the World

Travelling is one of the most exciting activities. It helps us learn about different cultures and places. In the future, travelling will be very different from today.

How will people travel in the future? Scientists predict that we will have flying cars. These vehicles will fly above the traffic. They will be fast and convenient. Driverless cars will also be common. You won't need to drive. The car will take you to your destination automatically. Some people think we will have jet packs. You will be able to fly like a bird. Spaceships will take tourists to the moon and Mars. Although these ideas sound like science fiction, they might become reality soon.

Your car is old, but mine is new. Mine will be a flying car. It will be eco-friendly and comfortable. Yours might be a driverless car. His will probably be a spaceship. We will all have different vehicles in the future.

Where will people travel? Many people want to visit English-speaking countries. The United Kingdom is famous for Big Ben and the Tower of London. The capital is London. It's a historic city. The USA is a large country. The capital is Washington D.C., but New York is the most famous city. The Statue of Liberty is an iconic symbol of America.

Australia is known for the Sydney Opera House and kangaroos. The capital is Canberra, but Sydney is more popular with tourists. Canada has beautiful landscapes. The CN Tower in Toronto is very tall. The maple leaf is the national symbol. New Zealand is famous for its natural beauty. The kiwi bird is unique to New Zealand.

These countries have diverse cultures. English is the official language in all of them. However, they have different accents and traditions. Visiting these countries is a great way to practice English and learn about different cultures.

In the future, travelling to these countries will be easier and faster. We will fly there in a few hours. Some people might even teleport instantly. The world will become smaller, and we will all be closer together.

Based on Reading Passage 1 (Energy and Environment):

1. Why are non-renewable energy sources a problem?
2. What are three types of renewable energy mentioned?
3. What is the school doing next month?
4. Why is changing to renewable energy important?

Based on Reading Passage 2 (Future Travel and Countries):

1. What types of future transport are mentioned?
2. What is the capital of the United Kingdom?
3. What is Australia famous for?
4. What is the national symbol of Canada?